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Table 2 Improvement values and difference analysis at each observation time point

From: Short term effects of a novel combined approach compared with physical therapy alone among older patients with temporomandibular degenerative joint disease: a prospective cohort study

  

Follow-up time

Study

variable

Groups

T1–T0

T2–T0

T3–T0

VAS max

CT

3.63 ± 1.39

4.69 ± 1.28

5.78 ± 1.56

PT

3.16 ± 1.53

4.38 ± 1.81

5.31 ± 2.05

P-value

0.347b

0.460b

0.429b

VAS resting

CT

1.78 ± 1.66

2.13 ± 1.96

2.59 ± 2.21

PT

1.13 ± 1.60

1.47 ± 1.88

1.56 ± 1.92

P-value

0.084b

0134b

0.051b

VAS opening

CT

2.97 ± 2.09

4.06 ± 2.26

4.94 ± 2.05

PT

1.78 ± 1.96

2.75 ± 2.37

3.50 ± 2.58

P-value

0.018b,*

0.045b,*

0.032b,*

VAS chewing

CT

2.88 ± 1.83

3.97 ± 1.84

4.91 ± 1.65

PT

2.59 ± 1.74

3.91 ± 2.31

4.56 ± 2.31

P-value

0.544b

0.753b

0.541b

MMO (mm)

CT

5.13 ± 4.23

7.78 ± 5.18

10.09 ± 5.74

PT

6.81 ± 3.78

9.88 ± 4.47

11.50 ± 5.34

P-value

0.034b,*

0.056b

0.309b

TMJ crepitus

CT

2/32

6/32

9/32

PT

4/32

6/32

7/32

P-value

0.581c

0.885c

0.357c

JFLS score

CT

17.47 ± 8.77

23.28 ± 9.96

27.53 ± 9.92

PT

15.41 ± 9.93

20.81 ± 10.59

27.44 ± 12.16

P-value

0.382a

0.364a

0.973a

  1. CT, combined treatment; PT, physical therapy; JFLS, Jaw Functional Limitation Scale; MMO, maximum mouth opening; TMJ, temporomandibular joint; VAS, visual analog scale
  2. T0, at baseline; T1, 2 weeks after the start of treatment; T2, 4 weeks after the start of treatment; T3, 12 weeks after the start of treatment
  3. *Statistically significant
  4. aIndependent sample t-test
  5. bMann–Whitney U test
  6. cChi-square test