Table 2 The patients’ demographic data and results of the baseline of the study’s variables (phase I)

Age (in years):

 Mean ± SD

23.98 ± 0.109

23.72 ± 0.201

0.220

 Standard Error

0.31

0.30

 Confidence level (95%)

23.98 ± 0.606

23.72 ± 0.595

 Gender

Female

Female

-

Nationality:

 -Saudi

120 (34.29%)

115 (32.86%)

0.123

 -None- Saudi

55 (15.71%)

60 (17.14%)

Educational level:

 -Elementary school

10 (2.86%)

8 (2.29%)

0.211

 -Middle school

24 (6.86%)

22 (6.28%)

 -High school

38 (10.86%)

40 (11.43%)

 -College

101(28.85%)

102 (29.14%)

 -Post graduate

2 (0.57%)

3 (0.86%)

Social status:

 -Single

123 (35.15%)

129 (36.86%)

0.142

 -Married

34 (9.71%)

31 (8.86%)

 -Divorced

14 (4%)

12 (3.43%)

 -Widow

4 (1.14%)

3 (0.85%)

Dental Procedures:

 -Local Anesthesia

175 (50%)

175 (50%)

0.203

 -Crown preparations

50 (14.29%)

48 (13.71%)

 -Subgingival scaling

44 (12.57%)

50 (14.29%)

 -Cavity preparations

26 (7.43%)

30 (8.57%)

 -Pulp Extirpation

27 (7.71%)

23 (6.57%)

 -Extractions

28 (8%)

24 (6.86%)

Baseline SBP (mmHg)

 (Mean ± SD)

140.56 ± 16.53

142.32 ± 12.36

0.763

Baseline DBP (mmHg)

 (Mean ± SD)

81.63 ± 11.24

80.45 ± 10.23

0.320

Baseline HR (beat/min)

 (Mean ± SD)

76.61 ± 10.21

76.81 ± 11.23

0.654

Baseline RR (breathes/min)

 (Mean ± SD)

17.82 ± 1.30

17.80 ± 1.34

0.764

Spo₂ (%)

 (Mean ± SD)

96.65% ± 1.78

96.22% ± 2.89

0.879

Baseline MDAS

 Score (Mean ± SD)

7.43 ± 0.121

7.73 ± 0.152

0.122

Level:

 -Fairly anxious:

89 (25.43%)

87 (24.86%)

0.432

 -Very anxious:

50 (14.29%)

54 (15.43%)

 -Extremely anxious

36 (10.29%)

34 (9.71%)

Baseline STAI

 Score (Mean ± SD)

75.54 ± 10.65

76.58 ± 11.12

0.111

Degree:

 - Moderate

89 (25.43%)

96 (27.43%)

0.213

 - High

86 (24.57%)

79 (22.57%)

Baseline Pain Score

 Score (Mean ± SD)

89.78 ± 1.23

93.21 ± 2.23

0.233

Intensity:

 -Mild pain

75 (21.43%)

69 (19.71%)

0.212

 -Moderate pain

62 (17.71%)

68 (19.43%)

 -Severe pain

38 (10.86%)

38 (10.86%)