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Table 6 Percentage of changes in the vital signs, anxiety and pain scores of the study’s groups between second and third phases

From: Dental pain perception and emotional changes: on the relationship between dental anxiety and olfaction

Parameters

Lavender Group (Mean ± SD)

Control Group (Mean ± SD)

P- Value

ANOVA test

Coefficient

95% CI

P-value

SBP changes

-2.82 ± 0.03

- 1.24 ± 1.29

.241

- 2.9

-6.5, 1.8

.323

DBP changes

- 0.55 ± 0.25

- 0.44 ± 0.94

.131

- 1.5

-1.4, 6.6

.23

HR changes

- 0.42 ± 0.81

- 1.00 ± 0.58

.073

- 2.4

- 3.4, 1.4

.17

RR changes

- 0.36 ± 0.12

- 0.61 ± 0.14

.140

- 0.9

- 1.5,0.08

.29

Spo2

 + 0.25% ± 0.25

 + 0.21% ± 0.26

.104

1.1

1.3, 0.21

.12

MDAS changes

- 1.75 ± 0.13

- 0.34 ± 0.21

.031*

- 1.2^

-2.4,—0.4

.054*

STAI changes

- 4.43 ± 8.60

- 0.57 ± 0.63

0.013*

- 2.2^

- 5.8,—0.4

.022*

Pain score changes

- 11.56 ± 0.25

- 1.7 ± 0.37

0.012*

- 1.4^

- 2.7,—0.6

.024*

  1. SD Standard Deviation, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, HR Heart Rate, RR Respiratory Rate, Spo2 Oxygen saturation, MDAS Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, STAI Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, VAS Visual Analog Scale
  2. *Significant ANCOVA analysis of covariance, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
  3. ^The pleasant scent of the lavender significantly reduced the MDAS, STAI, and pain scores 1.2, 2.2, and 1.4 more than the control group, respectively