Table 1 A summary of the descriptive characteristics of the included studies
Authors | The quartil and the journal impact factor | Study | Sample size(number of teeth) | Age in year (average) | Gender and number of patients | Teeth type | Treatment type | Treatment time (average) | Treatment order | Interval between treatments | Evaluation | Root resorption |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spurrier et al., 1990 [29] | Q3, 1.96 | Retrospective | 43 | 14 | 43(21Â M, 22F) | Maxillary incisors | Multiband/bracket | 25Â months | Root canal therapy first | NR c | Periapical | RFT b is less |
Esteves et al., 2007 [30] | Q2, 3.118 | Retrospective | 16 | NR | 16(NR) | Maxillary Incisors | Brackets |  > 20 months | Root canal therapy first |  > 1 year | Periapical | No significant difference |
Llamas-Carreras et al., 2012 [32] | Q4, 1.596 | Prospective | 38 | 30.7 ± 10.2 | 38(14 M, 24F) | Maxillary incisors | Multiband/bracket | 24.0 ± 12.0 months | Root canal therapy first | NR | Digital panorama | No significant difference |
Castro et al., 2015 [31] | Q3, 1.549 | Prospective | 20 | 12.8 ± 1.8 | 6(2 M, 4F) | Posterior teeth | Straight-wire technique | 22 months | Root canal therapy first | NR | CBCT a | No significant difference |
Lee and Lee, 2016 [13] | Q3, 1.96 | Prospective | 35 | 25.23 ± 4.92 | 35(8 M, 27F) | NR | Multiple | 26.58 ± 8.58 months | Root canal therapy first | NR | Digital panorama | RFT is less |
Wang et al., 2017 [33] | NR | Retrospective | 60 | 12 ~ 38 | 60(30 M, 30F) | NR | Straight-wire technique | 1 ~ 1.5 years | Root canal therapy first | NR | Digital panorama | No significant difference |
Khan et al., 2018 [14] | NR | Retrospective | 30 | 26.37 ± 2.4 | 30(17 M, 13F) | NR | NR | 3.17 ± 1.09 years | Root canal therapy first | NR | Orthopantomogram | RFT is less |
Kurnaz et al., 2021 [2] | Q4, 1.573 | Retrospective | 35 | 18.16 ± 3.79 | 35(17 M, 18F) | Mandibular molars | Brackets | 1.53 ± 0.64 years | Root canal therapy first |  > 1 year | Digital panoramic radiograph | RFT is less |
Kurnaz et al., 2021b [2] | Q4, 1.573 | Retrospective | 34 | 17.72 ± 2.78 | 34(15 M, 19F) | Mandibular molars | Brackets | 2.07 ± 0.72 years | Root canal therapy first |  > 1 year | Digital panoramic radiograph | RFT is less |