Table 4 Test statistics and p-values of the relationship between dental anxiety level and patient variables (N = 500)
Variable | N (%) | Statistical Test | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Education level | Â | Chi-square x2 = 7.079 | 0.314*** |
 Uneducated | 8 (1.6) | ||
 Primary school | 151 (30.2) | ||
 High school | 146 (29.2) | ||
 University | 195 (39.0) | ||
Marital status | Â | Chi-square x2 = 2.865 | 0.581*** |
 Single | 143 (28.6) | ||
 Married | 336 (67.2) | ||
 Divorced | 21 (4.2) | ||
Having any children | Â | Chi-square x2 = 0.002 | 0.999*** |
 No | 168 (33.6) | ||
 Yes | 332 (66.4) | ||
Smoking | Â | Chi-square x2 = 0.002 | 0.130*** |
 No | 294 (58.8) | ||
 Yes | 145 (29) | ||
 Smoked in the past | 61 (12.2) | ||
Monthly regular income |  | Mann–Whitney U U = 23,090.000 | 0.001** |
 No | 193 (38.6) | ||
 Yes | 307 (61.4) | ||
Health insurance |  | Mann–Whitney U U = 23,090.00 | ≤0.001** |
 No | 43 (8.6) | ||
 Yes | 457 (91.4) | ||
Place of residence | Â | Chi-square x2 = 8.245 | 0.083*** |
 City | 335 (67,0) | ||
 Township | 114 (22.8) | ||
 Village | 51 (10.2) | ||
Systemic disease | Â | Chi-square x2 = 8.245 | 0.142*** |
 No | 406 (81.2) | ||
 Yes | 94 (18.8) | ||
Drug use | Â | Chi-square x2 = 4.047 | 0.132*** |
 No | 423 (84.6) | ||
 Yes | 77 (15.4) | ||
Bruxism | Â | Chi-square x2 = 3.187 | 0.203*** |
 No | 312 (62.4) | ||
 Yes | 188 (37.6) | ||
Nail biting habit | Â | Chi-square x2 = 4.068 | 0.131*** |
 No | 449 (89.8) | ||
 Yes | 51 (10.2) | ||
Foreign object biting habit | Â | Chi-square x2 = 0.262 | 0.877*** |
 No | 486 (97.2) | ||
 Yes | 14 (2.8) | ||
Prosthetic use | Â | Chi-square x2 = 1.298 | 0.532*** |
 No | 344 (68.8) | ||
 Yes | 156 (31.2) | ||
Ever visited a dentist before | Â | Chi-square x2 = 0.115 | 0.994*** |
 No | 12 (2.4) | ||
 Yes | 488 (97.6) | ||
Visiting the dentist with a companion person |  | Mann–Whitney U U = 23,881.000 | ≤0.001** |
 No | 297 (59.4) | ||
 Yes | 203 (40.6) | ||
Frequency of dental visit |  | Kruskal–Wallis X2 = 0.355 | 0.837* |
 Rare | 74 (14.8) | ||
 When having a complaint | 384 (76.8) | ||
 Regularly | 42 (8.4) | ||
Reason for a dental visit |  | Kruskal–Wallis X2 = 8.131 | 0.043* |
 Painab | 135 (27) | ||
 Treatment/appointmentab | 314 (62.8) | ||
 Routine check upa | 33 (6.6) | ||
 Do not rememberb |  |