Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenesis-related factors in peri-implant diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 3 Quality assessment of the cross-sectional studies using the non-randomized studies scale

Domain 1: Selection bias caused by inadequate selection of participants; Domain 2: Selection bias caused by inadequate confirmation and consideration of confounding variables (smoke habits and systemic diseases); Domain 3: Performance bias caused by inadequate measurement of intervention (exposure); Domain 4: Detection bias caused by inadequate blinding of outcome assessment; Domain 5: Attrition bias caused by inadequate handling of incomplete outcome data; Domain 6: Reporting bias caused by selective outcome reporting

ISSN: 1472-6831