Table 1 Materials used in the current study

Calcium Hydroxide based cement (DYCAL)

Base paste:

Disalicylate ester of 1,3, butylene glycol <50%

Calcium tungstate 20%

Zinc oxide <15%

Catalyst paste:

Ca(OH)₂ <55%

Titanium dioxide (radiopacifiers) 10%

Zinc oxide <15

DYCAL ,DENTSPLY caulk, Milford,DE, USA

160,801

Mineral trioxide aggregate

(MTA)

Powder:

Calcium Carbonate 60–80%

Silicon dioxide 5–15%

Aluminum oxide (radiopacifiers) 5–10%

Calcium zirconia complex 20–30%

Liquid: distilled water

RetroMTA, BioMTA, Seoul, Korea

1509D04

Tricalcium silicate-based cement capsule

(Biodentine )

Powder:

Tricalcium silicate (main core material) 80,1%

Dicalcium silicate (second core material)

Calcium carbonate and oxide (fillers) 15%

Iron oxide shade( coloring agent)

Zirconium oxide (radiopacifiers) 5%

liquid: Calcium Chloride (accelerator)

Hydrosoluble Polymer: modified poly carboxylate

Septodont, St, Maur-des-Fosses, France

B25134

Resin modified Glass Ionomer Cement capsule

(RGIC)

(Shade A3)

Powder:

Alumino-Fluoro-silicate glass

Liquid:

2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) 25–50%

polybasic carboxylic acid** 5–10%

dimethacrylate (UDMA) 1–5%

dimethacrylate** 1–5%

Fuji II LC; GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan

1,904,191