Table 1 Study sample characteristics on patient level

Age in years

44.3 (15.6)*

14

49.1 (11.0)*

38

0.219

Sex

14

38

0.123

 Male

4 (28.6%)

20 (52.6%)

 Female

10 (71.4%)

18 (47.4%)

Ethnicity

14

38

0.928

 Norwegian

13 (92.9%)

35 (92.1%)

 Other

1 (7.1%)

3 (7.9%)

Smoking

14

38

0.753

 Current smoker

2 (14.3%)

3 (7.9%)

 Former smoker

1 (7.1%)

4 (10.5%)

 Never smoker

11 (78.6%)

31 (81.6%)

Snuff

14

38

0.748

 Yes

2 (14.3%)

3 (7.9%)

 Former user

1 (7.1%)

2 (5.3%)

 No

11 (78.6%)

33 (86.8%)

BMI (kg/m²)

42.4 (4.87)*

14

41.1 (4.02)*

38

0.315

Brushing teeth ≥ 2 daily

8 (57.1%)

14

23 (60.5%)

38

0.825

Use of interdental cleaning aids (floss, toothpick, ID-brush)

10 (71.4%)

14

28 (73.7%)

38

HDL, female (mmol/L)

1.3 (0.18)*

10

1.3 (0.40)*

18

0.980

HDL, male (mmol/L)

1.2 (0.22)*

4

1.1 (0.23)*

20

0.232

BP

(mm HG)

12

34

 Systolic

123.9 (39.4)*

126.6 (47.0)*

0.856

 Diastolic

78.8 (24.8)*

75.4 (29.8)*

0.714

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

34.0 (3.46)*

14

38.8 (10.5)*

37

0.101

 S-glucose (mg/dL)

5.00 (1.89)*

13

6.58 (2.26)*

38

0.025

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.29 (0.38)*

14

2.27 (1.19)*

38

0.004

CRP (mg/dL)

3.07 (5.54)*

6

3.71 (6.31)*

25

0.740

Stage of periodontitis

14

38

0.200

 No periodontitis

3 (21.4%)

8 (21.1%)

 Stage I/Stage II

5 (35.7%)

16 (42.1%)

 Stage III/Stage IV

6 (42.9%)

14 (36.8%)

Extent of periodontitis

14

38

0.252

 Localised

6 (54.5%)

22 (73.3%)

 Generalised

5 (45.5%)

8 (26.7%)