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Table 2 Mean relative error (MRE) and standard derivation (SD) for the 32 Landmarks measured by each software

From: Is automatic cephalometric software using artificial intelligence better than orthodontist experts in landmark identification?

Landmark

MRE ± SD (mm)

MyOrthoX

Angelalign

Digident

Average

G

0.65 ± 0.42

0.46 ± 0.54

0.45 ± 0.37

0.52 ± 0.46

Prn

0.84 ± 0.43

0.70 ± 1.21

2.43 ± 1.57

1.32 ± 1.41

Sn

0.55 ± 0.32

0.63 ± 0.71

0.71 ± 0.39

0.63 ± 0.51

Ls

0.89 ± 0.66

0.69 ± 0.83

0.57 ± 0.33

0.71 ± 0.66

Li

0.90 ± 0.49

0.60 ± 0.63

0.56 ± 0.29

0.69 ± 0.52

Si

1.26 ± 0.68

0.73 ± 0.68

1.10 ± 0.65

1.03 ± 0.71

Pog’

0.61 ± 0.35

0.58 ± 0.72

0.60 ± 0.37

0.60 ± 0.51

Gn’

0.68 ± 0.39

0.57 ± 0.62

0.60 ± 0.47

0.61 ± 0.50

Me’

0.78 ± 0.83

0.63 ± 0.56

0.64 ± 0.57

0.69 ± 0.67

C

0.93 ± 0.45

0.87 ± 0.76

0.82 ± 0.92

0.87 ± 0.74

Ba

0.81 ± 0.84

0.96 ± 0.97

0.82 ± 0.67

0.86 ± 0.84

S

0.73 ± 0.45

0.48 ± 0.34

0.67 ± 0.42

0.63 ± 0.42

N’

1.11 ± 0.70

0.80 ± 0.69

1.12 ± 0.63

1.01 ± 0.69

P

0.92 ± 0.59

1.48 ± 1.39

0.97 ± 0.67

1.12 ± 0.98

Or

1.05 ± 0.77

0.70 ± 0.48

0.99 ± 0.65

0.91 ± 0.66

ANS

2.06 ± 1.32

0.90 ± 0.99

2.16 ± 1.15

1.71 ± 1.29

PNS

0.65 ± 0.36

0.67 ± 0.52

0.66 ± 0.47

0.66 ± 0.46

Pt

1.42 ± 1.03

1.49 ± 1.24

1.15 ± 1.27

1.35 ± 1.19

Ptm

0.91 ± 0.86

0.64 ± 0.43

0.85 ± 1.32

0.80 ± 0.95

A

1.70 ± 0.93

1.06 ± 0.72

1.30 ± 0.59

1.35 ± 0.81

U1

0.82 ± 0.58

0.50 ± 0.70

1.00 ± 0.66

0.77 ± 0.68

UIA

2.39 ± 1.05

0.80 ± 0.48

1.31 ± 0.82

1.50 ± 1.05

C1

1.17 ± 0.67

0.74 ± 0.79

0.61 ± 0.41

0.84 ± 0.69

LIA

1.60 ± 0.81

0.85 ± 0.94

0.73 ± 0.53

1.06 ± 0.87

B

1.34 ± 0.65

0.70 ± 0.68

0.96 ± 0.54

1.00 ± 0.68

Pog

0.81 ± 0.47

0.57 ± 0.56

0.50 ± 0.28

0.63 ± 0.44

Gn

0.80 ± 0.74

0.50 ± 0.60

0.43 ± 0.29

0.57 ± 0.60

Me

0.79 ± 0.62

0.62 ± 0.56

0.47 ± 0.28

0.63 ± 0.53

Go

1.87 ± 1.38

1.20 ± 0.96

1.04 ± 1.71

1.37 ± 1.43

Ar

0.95 ± 0.63

1.19 ± 0.87

0.86 ± 0.54

1.00 ± 0.71

Pcd

1.04 ± 0.91

1.09 ± 0.93

0.97 ± 0.45

1.03 ± 0.80

Co

1.18 ± 0.80

1.10 ± 0.67

1.38 ± 0.74

1.22 ± 0.75

Average

1.11 ± 0.48

0.80 ± 0.26

0.97 ± 0.51

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