Table 1 Socio-demographic characterization of the study population according to periodontal status

Age, mean (95% ci)

1671

60.87 (60.16–61.58)

3916

53.03 (52.35–53.71)

\(<\) 0.001

Breast Feeding

 None

214

14.4 (12.3–16.7)

555

14.2 (13.0–15.5)

\(<\) 0.001

 1–11 month

254

15.2 (13.3–17.3)

961

24.9 (23.2–26.8)

  ≥ 12 month

1169

70.4 (67.5–73.1)

2369

60.8 (58.8–62.9)

Household income

 Lowest

500

29.2 (26.2–32.4)

695

16.8 (15.1–18.7)

\(<\) 0.001

 Middle low

464

27.5 (25.3–29.1)

953

24.3 (22.5–26.1)

 Middle high

377

23.2(20.8–25.8)

1110

28.3 (26.6–30.0)

 Highest

326

20.1 (17.4–23.0)

1152

30.6(28.1–33.3)

Education

  ≥ Elemental school

652

37.2 (34.0–40.4)

769

18.7 (17.0–20.5)

\(<\) 0.001

 Middle school

445

16.7 (14.5–19.1)

445

10.9 (9.6–12.2)

 High school

1167

29.2 (26.4–32.1)

1167

31.8 (30.0–33.8)

  ≤ University or college

1533

17.0 (14.7–19.6)

1533

38.6 (36.1–41.1)

Floss

 No

1409

84.1 (81.7–86.3)

2634

67.1 (65.1–68.9)

\(<\) 0.001

 Yes

257

15.9 (13.7–18.3)

1270

32.9 (31.1–34.9)

Interdental brush

 No

1422

86.8 (84.8–88.5)

3074

78.5 (76.9–80.0)

\(<\) 0.001

 Yes

244

13.2 (11.5–15.2)

830

21.5 (20.0–23.1)

Daily Toothbrushing

 0–1 time

150

9.2 (7.7–10.9)

208

4.8 (4.0–5.6)

\(<\) 0.001

 twice

712

42.3 (39.5–45.1)

1452

36.9 (34.7–38.4)

  ≥ 3 times

809

48.5 (45.5–51.6)

2256

58.7 (56.7–60.6)

Self-rated oral health

 Poor

1299

57.7 (54.7–60.6)

962

33.0 (30.9–35.2)

\(<\) 0.001

 Good

2615

42.3 (39.4–45.3)

708

67.0 (64.8–69.1)

Smoking

 Never

1510

90.6 (88.7–92.2)

3564

91.4 (90.2–92.4)

\(<\) 0.001

 Past

63

3.3 (2.5–4.3)

216

5.2 (4.5–6.1)

 Current

93

6.1 (4.7–7.8)

124

3.4 (2.7–4.2)

Alcohol Drinking

 Never

346

27.6 (24.4–31.0)

808

24.4 (22.6–26.2)

0.076

 Current

929

72.4 (69.0–75.6)

2478

75.6 (73.8–77.4)

Hypercholesterinemia

 No

1067

67.4 (64.8–69.8)

2761

74.2 (72.5–75.8)

\(<\) 0.001

 Yes

506

32.6 (30.2–35.2)

940

25.8 (24.2–27.5)

Hypertriglyceridemia

 No

1191

85.7 (83.3–87.9)

2880

91.0 (89.7–92.2)

\(<\) 0.001

 Yes

181

14.3 (12.2–16.7)

300

9.0 (7.8–10.3)

Hypertension

 Normal

534

32.5 (29.8–35.3)

2014

52.0 (49.8–54.2)

\(<\) 0.001

 Prehypertension

369

23 (20.6–25.6)

808

21.2 (19.7–22.9)

 Hypertension

767

44.5 (41.6–47.4)

1091

26.7 (24.8–28.8)

Diabetes Mellitus

 Normal

857

56.0 (53.1–58.9)

2587

69.7 (68.0–71.4)

\(<\) 0.001

 Impaired fasting glucose

415

25.3 (22.9–27.8)

765

21.4 (20.0–22.9)

 Diabetes

301

18.7 (16.3–21.3)

343

8.9 (7.8–10.1)

Oral contraceptive

 No

1305

77.9(75.4–80.2)

3232

83.2(81.7–84.5)

 < 0.001

 Yes

364

22.1(19.8–24.6)

678

16.8(15.5–18.3)