Table 3 The association between the sociodemographic variables and dentists’ knowledge and preference regarding GD techniques use based on their knowledge
From: Dentists’ knowledge and preference regarding gingival displacement methods
What is/are the type/s of restorations that you need to use GD technique with it/them? | Full coverage indirect restorations | 37 (84.1) | 84.6 | 83.9 | 83.3 | 87.5 | 75 | 83.3 | 100 | 72.2 | 92.3 | 66.7 | 91.7 | 100 | 66.7 | 69.2 | 93.3 | 75 | 100 |
P value | 0.95 | 0.94 | 0.16 | 0.068 | 0.16 | ||||||||||||||
Partial coverage indirect restoration | 13 (29.5) | 30.8 | 29 | 41.7 | 37.5 | 25 | 8.3 | 30 | 27.8 | 38.5 | 0 | 41.7 | 20 | 13.3 | 23.1 | 40 | 12.5 | 37.5 | |
P value | 0.91 | 0.27 | 0.62 | 0.15 | 0.49 | ||||||||||||||
Composite direct restoration | 21 (47.7) | 30.8 | 54.8 | 75 | 43.8 | 50 | 25 | 50 | 61.1 | 38.5 | 0 | 66.7 | 40 | 20 | 30.8 | 53.3 | 50 | 62.5 | |
P value | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.21 | 0.017 | 0.49 | ||||||||||||||
Impression for implant | 16 (36.4) | 38.5 | 35.5 | 41.7 | 37.5 | 50 | 25 | 20 | 38.9 | 53.8 | 0 | 41.7 | 0 | 40 | 30.8 | 40 | 37.5 | 37.5 | |
P value | 0.85 | 0.77 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.97 | ||||||||||||||
What is the type of impression that you need to use GD techniques with it? | Digital impression | 3 (6.8) | 0 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 0 | 13.3 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 |
Conventional impression | 18 (40.9) | 53.8 | 35.5 | 41.7 | 43.8 | 25 | 41.7 | 40 | 44.4 | 38.5 | 33.3 | 37.5 | 40 | 46.7 | 46.2 | 33.3 | 37.5 | 50 | |
Both | 23 (52.3) | 46.2 | 54.8 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 58.3 | 60 | 38.9 | 61.5 | 66.7 | 58.3 | 60 | 40 | 38.5 | 60 | 62.5 | 50 | |
P value | 0.34 | 0.78 | 0.48 | 0.67 | 0.71 | ||||||||||||||
What is/are the type/s of GD technique that you can use it/them? | Retraction cord | 40 (90.9) | 100 | 87.1 | 100 | 81.2 | 100 | 91.7 | 100 | 88.9 | 84.6 | 100 | 100 | 80 | 80 | 76.9 | 93.3 | 100 | 100 |
P value | 0.17 | 0.33 | 0.57 | 0.07 | 0.19 | ||||||||||||||
Cordless (retraction paste) | 17 (38.6) | 23.1 | 45.2 | 50 | 56.2 | 0 | 16.7 | 50 | 33.3 | 38.5 | 33.3 | 50 | 20 | 26.7 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 37.5 | 62.5 | |
P value | 0.17 | 0.025 | 0.85 | 0.23 | 0.49 | ||||||||||||||
Electrosurgery | 10 (22.7) | 15.4 | 25.8 | 33.3 | 25 | 0 | 16.7 | 20 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 33.3 | 29.2 | 0 | 20 | 23.1 | 20 | 12.5 | 37.5 | |
P value | 0.45 | 0.52 | 0.97 | 0.35 | 0.67 | ||||||||||||||
Regarding the retraction cord techniques (single vs double), which technique is more accurate? | Single technique | 5 (11.4) | 15.4 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 25 | 16.7 | 0 | 16.7 | 7.7 | 33.3 | 4.2 | 20 | 20 | 23.1 | 13.3 | 0 | 0 |
Double technique | 13 (29.5) | 23.1 | 32.3 | 41.7 | 31.2 | 0 | 25 | 40 | 27.8 | 30.8 | 0 | 37.5 | 40 | 13.3 | 30.8 | 13.3 | 37.5 | 50 | |
Depends on the case | 17 (38.6) | 30.8 | 41.9 | 41.7 | 56.2 | 75 | 0 | 40 | 44.4 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 45.8 | 0 | 40 | 23.1 | 46.7 | 37.5 | 50 | |
I do not know the difference between them | 9 (20.5) | 30.8 | 16.1 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 0 | 58.3 | 20 | 11.1 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 12.5 | 40 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 26.7 | 25 | 0 | |
P value | 0.62 | 0.002 | 0.70 | 0.19 | 0.40 | ||||||||||||||
Regarding the retraction cord types (impregnated vs non-impregnated), which technique is better? | Impregnated | 18 (40.9) | 30.8 | 45.2 | 41.7 | 31.2 | 75 | 41.7 | 40 | 50 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 20 | 60 | 53.8 | 40 | 50 | 12.5 |
Non-impregnated | 2 (4.5) | 7.7 | 3.2 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | |
Depends on the case | 15 (34.1) | 30.8 | 35.5 | 33.3 | 43.8 | 25 | 25 | 30 | 27.8 | 53.8 | 0 | 41.7 | 40 | 20 | 23.1 | 46.7 | 25 | 37.5 | |
I do not know the difference | 9 (20.5) | 30.8 | 16.1 | 16.7 | 18.8 | 0 | 33.3 | 20 | 22.2 | 7.7 | 66.7 | 16.7 | 40 | 20 | 23.1 | 13.3 | 25 | 25 | |
P value | 0.60 | 0.79 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||
Are there any adverse systemic side effects that can happen when using epinephrine as a hemostatic agent? | Yes | 20 (45.5) | 38.5 | 48.4 | 58.3 | 43.8 | 25 | 41.7 | 20 | 44.4 | 61.5 | 66.7 | 45.8 | 60 | 40 | 53.8 | 46.7 | 37.5 | 37.5 |
P value | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.21 | 0.74 | 0.85 | ||||||||||||||
Are there any adverse local tissue problems that can happen when using a hemostatic medicament? | Yes | 33 (75) | 53.8 | 83.9 | 75 | 81.2 | 75 | 66.7 | 80 | 77.8 | 69.2 | 66.7 | 79.2 | 60 | 73.3 | 61.5 | 86.7 | 87.5 | 62.5 |
P value | 0.057 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.66 | 0.30 | ||||||||||||||
Can the hemostatic medicament cause any problem or affect the impression material? | Yes | 15 (34.1) | 23.1 | 38.7 | 41.7 | 50 | 50 | 0 | 50 | 33.3 | 23.1 | 33.3 | 45.8 | 0 | 26.7 | 7.7 | 40 | 37.5 | 62.5 |
P value | 0.32 | 0.033 | 0.61 | 0.11 | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||
Which technique yields more accurate impression and less incidence of repeating the impression. | Retraction cords with hemostatic agent | 21 (47.7) | 53.8 | 45.2 | 58.3 | 37.5 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 44.4 | 61.5 | 0 | 58.3 | 80 | 20 | 30.8 | 46.7 | 50 | 75 |
Retraction paste | 5 (11.4) | 15.4 | 9.7 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 5.6 | 23.1 | 33.3 | 4.2 | 0 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 13.3 | 0 | 0 | |
No difference | 18 (40.9) | 30.8 | 45.2 | 41.7 | 37.5 | 50 | 41.7 | 50 | 50 | 15.4 | 66.7 | 37.5 | 20 | 53.3 | 46.2 | 40 | 50 | 25 | |
P value | 0.65 | 0.50 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.40 | ||||||||||||||
When you do GD with non-vital tooth, do you use local anesthesia: | Yes | 42 (95.5) | 84.6 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 83.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 33.3 | 100 | 100 | 86.7 | 84.6 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
P value | 0.025 | 0.13 | 0.006 | 0.13 | 0.17 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is easier to use than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 3 (6.8) | 7.7 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 25 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 15.4 | 0 | 4.2 | 0 | 13.3 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 0 | 12.5 |
Agree | 16 (36.4) | 30.8 | 38.7 | 25 | 62.5 | 0 | 25 | 50 | 33.3 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 37.5 | 20 | 40 | 38.5 | 40 | 25 | 37.5 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 19 (43.2) | 46.2 | 41.9 | 58.3 | 25 | 75 | 41.7 | 30 | 50 | 46.2 | 33.3 | 45.8 | 60 | 33.3 | 38.5 | 46.7 | 62.5 | 25 | |
Disagree | 6 (13.6) | 15.4 | 12.9 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 0 | 33.3 | 10 | 16.7 | 7.7 | 33.3 | 12.5 | 20 | 13.3 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 12.5 | 25 | |
P value | 0.97 | 0.07 | 0.76 | 0.83 | 0.91 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is less time consuming than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 4 (9.1) | 7.7 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 6.2 | 25 | 8.3 | 10 | 5.6 | 15.4 | 0 | 4.2 | 20 | 13.3 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 0 | 12.5 |
Agree | 16 (36.4) | 23.1 | 41.9 | 50 | 56.2 | 0 | 8.3 | 30 | 44.4 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 50 | 0 | 26.7 | 23.1 | 46.7 | 37.5 | 37.5 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 17 (38.6) | 46.2 | 35.5 | 41.7 | 18.8 | 75 | 50 | 50 | 27.8 | 46.2 | 33.3 | 37.5 | 40 | 40 | 38.5 | 33.3 | 50 | 37.5 | |
Disagree | 7 (15.9) | 23.1 | 12.9 | 0 | 18.8 | 0 | 33.3 | 10 | 22.2 | 7.7 | 33.3 | 8.3 | 40 | 20 | 23.1 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 12.5 | |
P value | 0.62 | 0.07 | 0.87 | 0.25 | 0.94 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is more comfortable to the patient than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 6 (13.6) | 23.1 | 9.7 | 16.7 | 18.8 | 25 | 0 | 20 | 11.1 | 15.4 | 0 | 16.7 | 0 | 13.3 | 7.7 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 25 |
Agree | 19 (43.2) | 38.5 | 45.2 | 50 | 50 | 25 | 33.3 | 40 | 38.9 | 53.8 | 33.3 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 46.2 | 53.3 | 25 | 37.5 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 17 (38.6) | 30.8 | 41.9 | 33.3 | 25 | 50 | 58.3 | 40 | 44.4 | 30.8 | 33.3 | 29.2 | 80 | 40 | 38.5 | 33.3 | 50 | 37.5 | |
Disagree | 2 (4.5) | 7.7 | 3.2 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 5.6 | 0 | 33.3 | 4.2 | 0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | |
P value | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.84 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is more effective to control bleeding than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Agree | 12 (27.3) | 30.8 | 25.8 | 8.3 | 37.5 | 50 | 25 | 10 | 16.7 | 53.8 | 33.3 | 20.8 | 20 | 40 | 30.8 | 40 | 12.5 | 12.5 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 24 (54.5) | 38.5 | 61.3 | 66.7 | 37.5 | 50 | 66.7 | 70 | 66.7 | 23.1 | 66.7 | 62.5 | 80 | 33.3 | 38.5 | 53.3 | 75 | 62.5 | |
Disagree | 7 (15.9) | 30.8 | 9.7 | 25 | 18.8 | 0 | 8.3 | 20 | 16.7 | 15.4 | 0 | 16.7 | 0 | 20 | 23.1 | 6.7 | 12.5 | 25 | |
P value | 0.27 | 0.53 | 0.24 | 0.38 | 0.57 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is less traumatic to the gingival tissue and cause less recession than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 3 (6.8) | 7.7 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.1 | 7.7 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 12.5 | 0 |
Agree | 22 (50) | 53.8 | 48.4 | 50 | 62.5 | 25 | 41.7 | 60 | 33.3 | 61.5 | 66.7 | 54.2 | 40 | 46.7 | 46.2 | 46.7 | 37.5 | 75 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 16 (36.4) | 23.1 | 41.9 | 25 | 25 | 75 | 50 | 40 | 44.4 | 23.1 | 33.3 | 29.2 | 60 | 40 | 30.8 | 40 | 50 | 25 | |
Disagree | 3 (6.8) | 15.4 | 3.2 | 16.7 | 0 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 11.1 | 7.7 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 6.7 | 15.4 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 | |
P value | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.79 | 0.90 | 0.78 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste is more cost efficient than retraction cord: | Strongly agree | 3 (6.8) | 15.4 | 3.2 | 0 | 18.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.1 | 7.7 | 0 | 4.2 | 20 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 13.3 | 0 | 0 |
Agree | 7 (15.9) | 23.1 | 12.9 | 8.3 | 25 | 0 | 16.7 | 10 | 22.2 | 15.4 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 33.3 | 15.4 | 20 | 12.5 | 12.5 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 18 (40.9) | 53.8 | 35.5 | 50 | 18.8 | 50 | 58.3 | 60 | 33.3 | 30.8 | 66.7 | 41.7 | 40 | 40 | 46.2 | 26.7 | 50 | 50 | |
Disagree | 15 (34.1) | 7.7 | 45.2 | 41.7 | 31.2 | 50 | 25 | 30 | 27.8 | 46.2 | 33.3 | 45.8 | 40 | 13.3 | 23.1 | 40 | 37.5 | 37.5 | |
Strongly disagree | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
P value | 0.11 | 0.38 | 0.87 | 0.21 | 0.89 | ||||||||||||||
Retraction paste causes gingival discoloration: | Strongly agree | 1 (2.3) | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Agree | 8 (18.2 | 15.4 | 19.4 | 16.7 | 18.8 | 25 | 16.7 | 10 | 5.6 | 38.5 | 33.3 | 20.8 | 0 | 3 | 15.4 | 20 | 12.5 | 25 | |
Neither agree nor disagree | 28 (63.6) | 46.2 | 71 | 75 | 50 | 50 | 75 | 80 | 77.8 | 30.8 | 66.7 | 66.7 | 100 | 46.7 | 61.5 | 53.3 | 75 | 75 | |
Disagree | 7 (15.9) | 38.5 | 6.5 | 8.3 | 25 | 25 | 8.3 | 10 | 16.7 | 23.1 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 4 | 15.4 | 26.7 | 12.5 | 0 | |
P value | 0.07 | 0.85 | 0.22 | 0.34 | 0.76 | ||||||||||||||