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Table 3 Mean quantitative Nickel ion release values (and standard deviations) to the simulated body fluidic environment in the static immersion experiments

From: Nickel ion release and surface analyses on instrument fragments fractured beyond the apex: a laboratory investigation

#

Groups

1-hour

(ppb/L)

7-day

(ppb/L)

30-day

(ppb/L)

Control

SBF

7.41 (7.90)*

7.15 (3.68)*

8.86 (3.49)*

1

SS

35.02 (9.01)

29.43 (10.10)

32.48 (4.06)

2

MS

51.22 (10.33)

33.76 (3.13)

34.56 (3.30)

3

RO

35.53 (3.68)

34.10 (3.60)

33.40 (2.28)

4

HCM

68.10 (29.48)

54.43 (30.73)

34.53 (0.38)

5

OC

37.24 (3.48)

28.80 (6.51)

29.97 (2.10)

6

PTN

41.20 (3.39)

46.00 (17.14)

59.12 (44.90)

  1. * Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests presented statistical significance (p < 0.001). ppb: parts-per-billion. 1 ppb/L = 0.001 milligrams per litre. The group abbreviations are SBF: simulated body fluid, SS; Stainless-steel hand instrument, MS; miniSCOPE NiTi instrument, RO; Rotate NiTi instrument, HCM; HyflexCM NiTi instrument, OC; OneCurve NiTi instrument, PTN; ProTaperNext NiTi instrument. NiTi: nickel-titanium