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Table 2 The detection performance of each cephalometric landmark in Ceph-Net using successful detection rate (SDR) and mean radial error (MRE) with standard deviation (SD)

From: Ceph-Net: automatic detection of cephalometric landmarks on scanned lateral cephalograms from children and adolescents using an attention-based stacked regression network

Landmarks

SDR (%)

MRE

(mm)

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

Sella

70.25

97.25

98.50

98.75

99.00

0.90 ± 0.83

Nasion

34.50

68.00

84.75

91.25

93.25

1.91 ± 1.74

Orbitale

31.25

65.50

79.25

85.75

91.00

2.11 ± 1.80

Porion

39.25

74.25

87.00

90.50

92.75

1.96 ± 2.21

Subspinale

15.75

41.00

65.25

81.50

89.00

2.73 ± 1.82

Supramentale

16.00

44.00

68.75

82.50

92.75

2.50 ± 1.52

Pogonion

59.00

94.25

99.25

99.75

99.75

0.99 ± 0.66

Menton

77.75

98.50

99.75

99.75

99.75

0.76 ± 0.49

Gnathion

53.50

95.75

99.50

99.75

99.75

1.06 ± 0.54

Gonion

41.50

74.00

80.75

84.50

87.00

2.13 ± 2.47

Incision inferius

64.00

91.25

95.75

97.75

98.75

1.05 ± 0.95

Incision superius

72.25

96.25

98.75

98.75

99.00

0.87 ± 0.86

Upper lip

22.25

52.25

75.25

88.75

95.00

2.26 ± 1.72

Lower lip

42.75

77.50

92.00

95.25

96.25

1.58 ± 1.51

Subnasale

31.50

69.50

81.75

87.75

92.25

2.04 ± 1.90

Soft tissue pogonion

19.50

45.75

63.50

79.50

89.25

2.67 ± 1.80

Posterior nasal spine

23.50

57.75

76.00

87.25

93.00

2.21 ± 1.69

Anterior nasal spine

24.50

64.25

81.75

88.00

94.00

2.04 ± 1.55

Articulare

46.75

82.75

91.75

95.50

97.00

1.44 ± 1.32

Mean (SD)

41.35

73.14

85.22

91.18

94.65

1.75 ± 1.67