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Table 2 Distribution of characteristics among adolescents with JIA and controls at both visits

From: Oral health-related quality of life, impaired physical health and orofacial pain in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – a prospective multicenter cohort study

Variable

Adolescents—First Visit

Adolescents—Two-Year Follow-up

JIA

Controls

JIA

Controls

%

(n/N)

%

(n/N)

p-valuea

%

(n/N)

%

(n/N)

p-valuea

Median age at visit, years (IQR)

14.4

(13.3–15.3)

14.7

(13.3–15.5)

 

16.4

(15.3–17.4)

16.6

(15.2–17.5)

 

Female gender

53.2

(59/111)

54.9

(56/102)

      

Toothbrushing, twice a day or more

79.1

(83/105)

75.5

(77/102)

0.541

82.5

(85/103)

71.3

(72/101)

0.057

Tooth flossing, several times a week or more

22.1

(23/104)

22.6

(23/102)

0.940

25.5

(26/102)

22.8

(23/101)

0.651

Gingival bleeding during toothbrushing, sometimes or more

61.5

(64/104)

58.8

(60/102)

0.691

59.8

(61/102)

62.4

(63/101)

0.707

Pain or discomfort during toothbrushing

10.7

(11/103)

13.7

(14/102)

0.505

11.8

(12/102)

10.9

(11/101)

0.844

Ulcerations, several times yearly or more

25.0

(25/100)

36.3

(37/102)

0.082

34.7

(35/101)

40.6

(41/101)

0.384

Orofacial pain ever

42.7

(47/110)

14.7

(15/102)

 < 0.001

38.7

(43/111)

16.7

(17/102)

 < 0.001

Orofacial pain last 30 days

28.2

(31/110)

2.9

(3/102)

 < 0.001

24.3

(27/111)

5.9

(6/102)

 < 0.001

Caries—D1-5F-level > 0

52.3

(56/107)

57.8

(59/102)

0.424

57.3

(63/110)

59.8

(61/102)

0.709

Dental plaque and Calculus – OHI-S ≥ 0.5

76.3

(71/93)

54.1

(53/98)

0.001

75.5

(80/106)

63.5

(61/96)

0.065

Gingival bleeding – GBI ≥ 10%

63.6

(70/110)

51.0

(52/102)

0.062

59.3

(64/108)

37.8

(37/98)

0.002

JIA disease characteristics

 Median age at disease onset, years (IQR)

9.6

(3.6–11.7)

        

 Disease duration, median years (IQR)

4.9

(2.7–10.5)

   

6.9

(4.7–12.5)

   

 Polyarticular disease course (> 4 affected joints)

51.4

(57/111)

   

53.2

(59/111)

   

 Oligoarticular JIA category1

41.4

(46/111)

   

40.5

(45/111)

   

 DMARDs ongoing

64.0

(71/111)

   

62.2

(69/111)

   

 Active joints > 0

28.8

(32/111)

   

14.4

(16/111)

   

 MDglobalVAS > 0

37.8

(42/111)

   

29.4

(32/109)

   

 ESR ≥ 20 mm/h

4.5

(5/111)

   

2.7

(3/111)

   

 PRglobalVAS > 0

72.9

(78/107)

   

63.8

(67/105)

   

 VAS global pain > 0

62.6

(67/107)

   

59.1

(62/105)

   

 CHAQ > 0

53.3

(57/107)

   

47.6

(50/105)

   

 JADAS ≥ 1

62.6

(67/107)

   

61.2

(63/103)

   

 TMJ involvement ever2

35.1

(39/111)

   

36.9

(41/111)

   

 TMJ involvement at study visit2

12.6

(14/111)

   

7.2

(8/111)

   
  1. Differences between JIA and Control group: achi-square test/Fisher’s exact
  2. 1JIA category – oligo arthritis (including persistent n = 36 and extended n = 10) vs non oligo arthritis (including systemic onset n = 1, polyarthritis RF−n = 25, polyarthritis RF+n = 2, psoriatic JIA n = 3, enthesitis related arthritis n = 17 and undifferentiated n = 17.
  3. 2TMJ involvement as recorded clinically by the pediatric rheumatologist
  4. JIA juvenile idiopathic arthritis, IQR interquartile range, n/N number observed/total number assessed for each variable, excluding missing values (total participants N = 111 JIA and N = 102 Controls). D1-5F = decayed and filled permanent teeth, enamel caries included. DMARDs = disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (synthetic and/or biologic agents). MDglobalVAS = Physician's global assessment of disease activity. ESR = Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. VAS = Visual analog scale. PRglobalVAS = Parent's global assessment of disease activity. CHAQ = Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire. JADAS = juvenile arthritis disease activity score. TMJ = temporomandibular joint. P-values < 0.05 are marked in bold
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BMC Oral Health

ISSN: 1472-6831

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