Table 1 Association between demographic, smoking, psychosocial variables, and RAS among Indonesian population in IFLS-5
Variables | Having RAS | Free of RAS | P-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Age (years old) | |||||
18–34 | 2483 | 20.5% | 9658 | 79.5% | < 0,001 |
35–44 | 1258 | 18.6% | 5506 | 81.4% | |
45–54 | 695 | 15.5% | 3798 | 84.5% | |
55–64 | 417 | 15.1% | 2336 | 84.9% | |
> 64 | 214 | 13.3% | 1393 | 86.7% | |
Marital Status | |||||
Married | 4010 | 18.1% | 18,087 | 81.9% | < 0,001 |
Ever Married / Separated | 149 | 19.1% | 633 | 80.9% | |
Not Married Yet | 828 | 20.8% | 3151 | 79.2% | |
Gender | |||||
Female | 2924 | 19.1% | 12,348 | 80.9% | < 0,001 |
Male | 2300 | 17.5% | 10,838 | 82.5% | |
Educational Attainment | |||||
None / Not in School | 216 | 14.5% | 1278 | 85.5% | < 0,001 |
Elementary School | 1529 | 17.4% | 7245 | 82.6% | |
Middle School | 1011 | 19.2% | 4261 | 80.8% | |
High School | 1753 | 19.6% | 7191 | 80.4% | |
Collage / University | 715 | 18.2% | 3211 | 81.8% | |
Area of Residence | |||||
Rural | 1950 | 16.8% | 9650 | 83.2% | < 0,001 |
Urban | 3274 | 19.5% | 13,536 | 80.5% | |
SES Groups | |||||
SES 1 (Lowest) | 885 | 16.0% | 4632 | 84.0% | < 0.001 |
SES 2 | 1071 | 17.6% | 5014 | 82.4% | |
SES 3 | 1097 | 18.9% | 4701 | 81.1% | |
SES 4 (Highest) | 2171 | 19.7% | 8839 | 80.3% | |
Smoking | |||||
Not Smoking | 3492 | 19.6% | 14,365 | 80.4% | < 0,001 |
Smoking | 1732 | 16.4% | 8821 | 83.6% | |
Depression Experience | |||||
No | 5216 | 18.4% | 23,152 | 81.6% | 0.912 |
Yes | 8 | 19.0% | 34 | 81.0% | |
Stress | |||||
Rarely/Never | 3470 | 16.6% | 17,425 | 83.4% | < 0.001 |
Few (1–2 days) | 839 | 22.8% | 2834 | 77.2% | |
Sometimes (3–4 days) | 638 | 23.0% | 2134 | 77.0% | |
Often (5–7 days) | 277 | 25.9% | 793 | 74.1% |