Table 2 Association between behavioral, systemic diseases, and RAS among Indonesian population in IFLS-5
Variables | Having RAS | Free of RAS | P-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Fried / oily Snack | |||||
Never or Rarely | 2341 | 16.8% | 11,580 | 83.2% | < 0.001 |
Sometimes | 1627 | 19.5% | 6734 | 80.5% | |
Often | 1256 | 20.5% | 4872 | 79.5% | |
Chili (Spicy) Sauce | |||||
Never or Rarely | 1368 | 16.6% | 6877 | 83.4% | < 0.001 |
Sometimes | 1388 | 18.9% | 5973 | 81.1% | |
Often | 2468 | 19.3% | 10,336 | 80.7% | |
Consumption of sweet food | |||||
Never or Rarely | 2884 | 16.9% | 14,192 | 83.1% | < 0.001 |
Sometimes | 1375 | 20.2% | 5420 | 79.8% | |
Often | 965 | 21.3% | 3574 | 78.7% | |
Drinking Soda | |||||
Never or Rarely | 4639 | 17.9% | 21,263 | 82.1% | < 0.001 |
Sometimes | 490 | 23.3% | 1617 | 76.7% | |
Often | 95 | 23.7% | 306 | 76.3% | |
Systemic Disease | |||||
Hypertension | |||||
No | 4499 | 18.1% | 20,360 | 81.9% | 0.001 |
Yes | 725 | 20.4% | 2826 | 79.6% | |
Diabetes | |||||
No | 5104 | 18.4% | 22,639 | 81.6% | 0.789 |
Yes | 120 | 18.0% | 547 | 82.0% | |
Tuberculosis | |||||
No | 5159 | 18.3% | 22,982 | 81.7% | < 0.014 |
Yes | 65 | 24.2% | 204 | 75.8% | |
Asthma | |||||
No | 5037 | 18.2% | 22,571 | 81.8% | < 0.001 |
Yes | 187 | 23.3% | 615 | 76.7% | |
Heart / Cardiac | |||||
No | 5124 | 18.3% | 22,811 | 81.7% | 0.131 |
Yes | 100 | 21.1% | 375 | 78.9% | |
Stroke | |||||
No | 5190 | 18.4% | 23,041 | 81.6% | 0.834 |
Yes | 34 | 19.0% | 145 | 81.0% | |
Liver / Hepar | |||||
No | 5173 | 18.4% | 22,945 | 81.6% | 0.683 |
Yes | 51 | 17.5% | 241 | 82.5% | |
Cancer | |||||
No | 5175 | 18.3% | 23,047 | 81.7% | 0.006 |
Yes | 49 | 26.1% | 139 | 73.9% | < 0.000 |
Rheumatism | |||||
No | 4877 | 18.1% | 22,078 | 81.9% | < 0.001 |
Yes | 347 | 23.8% | 1108 | 76.2% | |
Digestive | |||||
No | 4247 | 17.2% | 20,392 | 82.8% | < 0.001 |
Yes | 977 | 25.9% | 2794 | 74.1% | |
Renal /Kidney | |||||
No | 5142 | 18.4% | 22,868 | 81.6% | 0.272 |
Yes | 82 | 20.5% | 318 | 79.5% |