Table 2 Oral health status and cardiovascular risk factors according to toothbrushing behaviours

Oral status

Behaviors related to dental problems

 Discomfort during chewing -%

21.9 ± 0.5

17.4 ± 0.6

24.4 ± 0.7

35.9 ± 1.5

< 0.001

 Dental visit −%

  Dental visits for any reasons

55.4 ± 0.6

59.8 ± 0.7

52.8 ± 0.8

43.0 ± 1.6

< 0.001

  ≥ 1 time/yr for regular check-up only

35.5 ± 0.7

42.5 ± 0.8

29.7 ± 0.8

20.4 ± 1.3

< 0.001

  No dental visit despite dental problems

28.3 ± 0.5

25.6 ± 0.6

30.8 ± 0.8

32.5 ± 1.5

< 0.001

Oral hygiene behavior

 Floss or interdental brush – %

37.0 ± 0.6

44.4 ± 0.8

31.9 ± 0.8

17.6 ± 1.2

< 0.001

 Professional cleaning – %

31.0 ± 0.5

35.8 ± 0.7

28.2 ± 0.7

17.2 ± 1.2

< 0.001

Cardiovascular risk factors

 Systolic blood pressure − mmHg

118.7 ± 0.2

117.0 ± 0.2

119.7 ± 0.3

123.5 ± 0.5

< 0.001

 Diastolic blood pressure − mmHg

76.4 ± 0.1

76.3 ± 0.2

76.7 ± 0.2

76.4 ± 0.3

0.338

 Total cholesterol − mg/dL

196.0 ± 0.4

196.3 ± 0.5

196.1 ± 0.6

194.3 ± 1.2

0.169

 HDL-cholesterol − mg/dL

50.7 ± 0.1

51.8 ± 0.2

50.1 ± 0.2

47.3 ± 0.4

< 0.001

 Non-HDL-cholesterol − mg/dL

145.3 ± 0.4

144.6 ± 0.5

146.0 ± 0.6

147.1 ± 1.1

0.016

 Triglyceride − mg/dL

146.0 ± 1.6

137.2 ± 1.8

152.3 ± 2.9

168.7 ± 5.5

< 0.001

 LDL cholesterol − mg/dL

118.7 ± 0.3

119.2 ± 0.4

118.5 ± 0.6

117.3 ± 1.0

0.073

 Fasting plasma glucose – mg/dL

101.6 ± 0.3

99.2 ± 0.3

102.8 ± 0.4

109.0 ± 1.1

< 0.001

 hsCRP* – mg/L

1.2 ± 0.0

1.1 ± 0.0

1.3 ± 0.0

1.6 ± 0.1

< 0.001

 White blood cell count − 10³/µL

6.3 ± 0.0

6.2 ± 0.0

6.4 ± 0.0

6.7 ± 0.1

< 0.001