Fig. 3

The correlation of global facial phenotype with FAR and orthodontic treatment. a Changes in facial morphology before and after orthodontic treatment for profile view (top) and frontal view (bottom). (Blue represents the average facial shape before orthodontic treatment, and red represents the average facial shape after orthodontic treatment.) b Comparison of average facial shape before and after orthodontic treatment for profile view (top) and frontal view (bottom). c Association between facial morphology changes and FAR for profile view (top) and frontal view (bottom). (Black represents the facial average shape, red represents facial shapes with higher FAR, and blue represents facial shapes with lower FAR.)