Table 4 Univariable analysis of risk factors for oral leukoplakia recurrence after topical photodynamic therapy

Total, n (%)

34 (68.0%)

16 (32.0%)

OR (95% CI)

Gender

P = 0.846

Female

16 (66.7%)

8 (33.3%)

1.0 (ref)

Male

18 (69.2%)

8 (30.8%)

1.125 (0.343–3.695)

Smoking history

P = 0.827

Yes

18 (66.7%)

9 (33.3%)

1.0 (ref)

No

16 (69.6%)

7 (30.4%)

1.143 (0.346–3.777)

Drinking history

P = 0.632

Yes

21 (65.6%)

11 (34.4%)

1.0 (ref)

No

13 (72.2%)

5 (27.8%)

1.362 (0.385–4.817)

Lesion location

P =0.044*

Other location

21 (58.3%)

15 (41.7%)

1.0 (ref)

Buccal mucosa

13 (92.9%)

1 (7.1%)

0.108 (0.013–0.915)

Dysplastic pathology

P = 0.408

Non-dysplastic

13 (76.5%)

4 (23.5%)

1.0 (ref)

Mildly dysplastic

14 (70.0%)

6 (30.0%)

1.393 (0.319–6.078)

Moderately to severely dysplastic

7 (53.8%)

6 (46.2%)

2.786 (0.583–13.305)