Table 1 Materials used in the study, their brand names, compositions, manufacturers, and lot numbers
Material | Brand name | Composition | Manufacturer | Lot number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Polymer infiltrated ceramic | VITA Enamic | Polymeric matrix 14 wt% (UDMA, TEGDMA) Fillers 86 wt%: SiO2 (58–63%), Al2O3 (20–23%), Na2O (9–11%), K2O (4–6%), B2O3 & ZrO2 (< 2%). CAD/CAM block size (12 × 14 × 18 mm). | Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany | 55,313 |
Resin nanoceramic | Lava Ultimate | Bis-GMA, UDMA, Bis-EMA, TEGDMA, SiO2 (20 nm), ZrO2 (4–11 nm), ZrO2/SiO2 clusters, filler mass (80 wt%). CAD/CAM block size (12 × 14 × 18 mm). | 3 M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA | N770935 |
Universal adhesive | Single bond | 10 Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate, HEMA, silane, dimethacrylate resins, Vitrebond, copolymer, filler, ethanol, water, initiators | 3 M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA | 5,695,133 |
Nanohybrid composite resin | Brilliant NG | Methacrylates, dented glass, and amorphous silica, with filler content of 80 wt% | Coltene, Altstätten, Switzerland | 162,456 |
Hydrofluoric acid etchant | Porcelain etchant | 9.5% buffered hydrofluoric acid gel | Bisco, Irving Park Rd. Schaumburg, IL, USA | 2,000,001,191 |
Silane coupling agent | Porcelain primer pre-hydrolyzed silane primer | γ-methacryloxy-propyl-trimethoxy silane, ethanol, acetone | Bisco, Irving Park Rd. Schaumburg, IL, USA | 2,000,001,245 |