Sociodemographic variables | Total PIDAQ (Mean ± SD) | p | DSC (Mean ± SD) | p | SI (Mean ± SD) | p | PI (Mean ± SD) | p | AC (Mean ± SD) | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 49.75 ± 20.31 | 0.487 | 15.31 ± 6.59 | 0.749 | 13.73 ± 7.56 | 0.911 | 14.06 ± 6.13 | 0.966 | 6.64 ± 3.36 | 0.323 |
Female | 50.91 ± 21.08 | 14.99 ± 6.66 | 14.23 ± 7.38 | 14.56 ± 6.03 | 7.11 ± 3.64 | ||||||
Age | 18–20 | 52.05 ± 21.52 | 0.581 | 15.45 ± 6.62 | 0.470 | 15.00 ± 8.07 | 0.166 | 14.57 ± 6.33 | 0.280 | 7.01 ± 3.61 | 0.757 |
21–23 | 49.22 ± 20.25 | 14.48 ± 6.50 | 13.55 ± 6.84 | 14.12 ± 5.74 | 7.04 ± 3.64 | ||||||
> 24 | 51.67 ± 21.36 | 15.63 ± 6.92 | 14.08 ± 7.52 | 14.96 ± 6.27 | 6.98 ± 3.44 | ||||||
Academic year | First | 55.60 ± 22.49 | 0.025* | 15.09 ± 6.80 | 0.706 | 15.85 ± 7.98 | 0.000* | 14.50 ± 6.58 | 0.448 | 6.88 ± 3.70 | 0.642 |
Second | 47.46 ± 17.94 | 14.08 ± 5.95 | 13.25 ± 6.10 | 13.57 ± 5.20 | 6.55 ± 3.50 | ||||||
Third | 51.68 ± 22.42 | 16.06 ± 6.63 | 15.20 ± 8.29 | 15.78 ± 6.19 | 7.89 ± 3.55 | ||||||
Fourth | 48.88 ± 21.08 | 14.98 ± 6.55 | 13.54 ± 7.57 | 13.61 ± 5.75 | 6.74 ± 3.72 | ||||||
Fifth/sixth | 45.35 ± 16.55 | 13.97 ± 6.59 | 15.33 ± 7.87 | 13.71 ± 5.86 | 6.58 ± 3.33 | ||||||
Master/PhD | 53.80 ± 21.73 | 15.84 ± 7.07 | 11.07 ± 4.35 | 15.13 ± 6.03 | 7.31 ± 3.62 | ||||||
Grade point average | 6.00–7.00 | 50.00 ± 14.79 | 0.169 | 16.00 ± 7.93 | 0.602 | 14.21 ± 6.77 | 0.734 | 13.85 ± 4.94 | 0.414 | 5.92 ± 3.02 | 0.363 |
7.01–8.00 | 51.58 ± 20.87 | 15.03 ± 6.83 | 14.50 ± 7.26 | 15.08 ± 5.68 | 6.96 ± 3.41 | ||||||
8.01–9.00 | 49.24 ± 21.88 | 14.85 ± 6.88 | 13.63 ± 7.35 | 13.81 ± 6.23 | 6.93 ± 3.67 | ||||||
9.01–10.00 | 52.02 ± 20.25 | 15.22 ± 6.10 | 14.52 ± 7.69 | 14.97 ± 6.11 | 7.28 ± 3.65 |