Table 2 Raw deviations (averages and 95% confidence intervals) from the MIP on the x (sagittal) and y (vertical) axes for different CR determination techniques on the left side. Significant differences from the MIP (i.e., sagittal = 0, vertical = 0) are marked with italics and asterisks

Apex of the gothic arch tracer (A)

0.3 mm, 95% CI [0.02, 0.58]*

-0.47 mm, 95% CI [-0.89, -0.05]*

Adduction field (B)

0.29 mm, 95% CI [-0.01, 0.6]

-0.38 mm, 95% CI [-0.81, 0.05]

Dawson technique (C)

0.01 mm, 95% CI [-0.21, 0.22]

0.18 mm, 95% CI [-0.06, 0.42]

Tongue at the palatal rugae (D)

0.79 mm, 95% CI [0.4, 1.19]*

-0.29 mm, 95% CI [-0.57, -0.01] *

Tongue at the hard-soft palate border (E)

0.13 mm, 95% CI [-0.15, 0.4]

0.18 mm, 95% CI [-0.05, 0.41]

Active retrusion (F)

-0.28 mm, 95% CI [-0.43, -0.14]*

0.34 mm, 95% CI [0.14, 0.55]*

Passive retrusion (G)

-0.46 mm, 95% CI [-0.7, -0.23]*

-0.06 mm, 95% CI [-0.39, 0.27]