Table 3 Characteristics and outcomes of the included studies
| Â | Â | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
Sample size | Â | 84.9 (71.6) |
| Â | Â | n (%) |
Study design | Â | |
| Â | Randomized controlled trial | 107 (84.3%) |
| Â | Non-randomized trial | 20 (15.7%) |
Follow-up duration | Â | |
| Â | Less than 6 months | 5 (3.9%) |
| Â | 6 months | 11 (8.7%) |
| Â | 9 months | 2 (1.6%) |
| Â | 12 months | 61 (48%) |
| Â | More than 1 year | 48 (37.8%) |
Outcome measured | ||
| Â | Clinical and radiographic | 115 (90.6%) |
| Â | Clinical, radiographic and histological | 7 (5.5%) |
| Â | Histological | 2 (1.6%) |
| Â | Clinical, radiographic and inflammatory | 1 (0.8%) |
| Â | Histological and immunohistochemistry | 1 (0.8%) |
| Â | Clinical, radiographic and microbiological | 1 (0.8%) |
Primary/permanent teeth | Â | |
| Â | Primary teeth | 86 (67.7%) |
| Â | Permanent teeth | Â |
| Â | Mature teeth | 29 (22.8%) |
| Â | Immature teeth | 12 (9.4%) |
Pulp exposure type | Â | |
| Â | Carious | 114 (89.8%) |
| Â | Traumatic | 6 (4.7%) |
| Â | Carious or traumatic | 4 (3.1%) |
| Â | Sound tooth indicated for extraction | 3 (2.4%) |
Pre-operative pulp status | ||
| Â | Normal pulp | 5 (3.9%) |
| Â | Reversible pulpitis | 104 (81.9%) |
| Â | Irreversible pulpitis | 13 (10.2%) |
| Â | Reversible or Irreversible pulpitis | 3 (2.36%) |
| Â | NOT MENTIONED | 2 (1.57%) |