Determining the position of the lingula and the mandibular foramen using the antilingula in orthognathic surgery

BMC Oral Health

Table 5 Presence and reliability of the AL

	Year of study	Country of study	Method of study	N (sides)	Occurrence (%)	Reliability (%)
Yates et al. [16]	1976	USA	Dry mandibles	140	44	59
Langston & Tebo [31]	1977	USA	Dry mandibles	100	100	-
Martone et al. [38]	1993	USA	Dry mandibles	63	42	-
Pogrel et al. [15]	1995	USA	Dry mandibles	40	100	22.5
Aziz et al. [26]	2007	USA	Dry mandibles	36	100	-
Apinhasmit et al. [22]	2011	Thailand	Dry mandibles	184	80.4	-
Monazzi et al. [39]	2012	Brazil	Dry mandibles	88	65.9	-
Park et al. [40]	2014	Korea	CT images	250	45.5	-
Hosapatna et al. [14]	2015	India	Dry mandibles	100	53	-
Park et al. [23]	2018	Korea	Dry mandibles	40	100	-
Zhao et al. [41]	2019	China	CT images	204	45	-
Hsiao et al. [24]	2020	Taiwan	CT images	180	81.10	-
Kapur et al. [25]	2021	UK^a	Dry mandibles	480	100	59.15^b
Sinanoglu et al. [42]	2023	Turkey	CT images	228	32.02	-
Present study	2024	Thailand	Dry mandibles	226	92.48	86.67

ISSN: 1472-6831