Table 1 Zirconia types used in the study and their chemical composition

Cercon base

Low translucency

ZrO₂ (92 wt%), Y₂O₃ 5.0 wt%, and HfO₂: < 2.0 wt%

Degudent, Hana Wolfgang, Germany

Lava Frame

Low translucency

ZrO₂ < 95.00%, Y₂O₃ < 5.00%, Al₂O₃ < 0.25%

3 M ESPE, Germany

Katana HT

High translucency

ZrO₂ 90–95%, Y₂O₃ 5–8%, Other < 2%

Kuraray Noritaki Dental Inc, Japan

BruxZir

High translucency

ZrO₂ 88%, Y₂O₃ 9%, Al₂O₃ 0.1% HfO₂ 2.31%

Glidewell, USA