Table 3 Comparison of the structures of the health belief model and behavioral intention before and 3 months after the intervention in the two groups (n = 84)

Perceived sensitivity

Before intervention

7.72 ± 3.73

6.93 ± 2.61

p = 0.31

After the intervention

7.85 ± 3.37

8.32 ± 3.15

p = 0.009**

Pvalue**

P = 0.74

p = 0.001*

Perceived intensity

Before intervention

11.51 ± 5.89

6.13 ± 14

p = 0.56

After the intervention

12.34 ± 5.57

12.02 ± 4.39

p = 0.275

Pvalue**

p = 0.07

p = 0.004*

Perceived benefits

Before intervention

4.13 ± 1.75

3.52 ± 0.80

p = 0.58

After the intervention

24.27 ± 6.66

27.14 ± 10.87

p = 0.58

Pvalue**

p = 0.38

p = 0.05*

Perceived barriers

Before intervention

25.56 ± 11.06

28.79 ± 4.39

p = 0.26

After the intervention

3.97 ± 1.29

4.20 ± 1.82

p = 0.007**

Pvalue**

p = 0.68

p = 0.001*

self-efficacy

Before intervention

7.97 ± 3.99

8.80 ± 3.74

p = 0.69

After the intervention

8.58 ± 4.70

9.74 ± 4.97

p = 0.001**

Pvalue**

p = 0.14

p = 0.003*

behavioral intention

Before intervention

6.71 ± 2.70

7.02 ± 2.84

p = 0.74

After the intervention

7.09 ± 2.75

7.46 ± 2.75

p = 0.001**

Pvalue**

p = 0.46

p = 0.001*

behavior

Before intervention

8.75 ± 3.34

9.11 ± 3.37

p = 0.38

After the intervention

8.85 ± 2.60

9.70 ± 3.12

p = 0.69

Pvalue**

p = 0.12

p = 0.05*