| Total | Males | Females | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
Total | 6,583 | (100.0) | 3,784 | (57.5) | 2,799 | (42.5) | Â |
Sociodemographic information | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Age |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  20–44 | 1,072 | (16.3) | 719 | (19.0) | 353 | (12.6) | < 0.001 |
  45–64 | 2,569 | (39.0) | 1,706 | (45.1) | 863 | (30.8) |  |
  ≥ 65 | 2,944 | (44.7) | 1,360 | (35.9) | 1,584 | (56.6) |  |
 Grade of disability |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  4 ~ 6th | 3,970 | (62.8) | 2,283 | (62.4) | 1,687 | (63.3) | 0.444 |
  1 ~ 3rd | 2,356 | (37.2) | 1,378 | (37.6) | 978 | (36.7) |  |
 Type of disability |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  Mental | 603 | (9.5) | 342 | (9.3) | 261 | (9.8) | 0.543 |
  Physical | 5,724 | (90.5) | 3,320 | (90.7) | 2,404 | (90.2) |  |
 Educational level |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  University | 854 | (13.0) | 660 | (17.4) | 195 | (7.0) | < 0.001 |
  High school | 1,835 | (27.9) | 1,301 | (34.4) | 534 | (19.1) |  |
  Middle school | 3,892 | (59.1) | 1,824 | (48.2) | 2,068 | (73.9) |  |
 Subjective SES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  Upper | 56 | (0.9) | 35 | (0.9) | 21 | (0.8) | 0.737 |
  Middle | 2,071 | (31.5) | 1,187 | (31.4) | 885 | (31.6) |  |
  Low | 4,457 | (67.7) | 2,563 | (67.7) | 1,894 | (67.6) |  |
 Health coverage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  NHI | 5,540 | (84.3) | 3,197 | (84.6) | 2,343 | (83.8) | 0.005 |
  Medicaid | 1,033 | (15.7) | 580 | (15.4) | 453 | (16.2) |  |
Chronic diseases or behaviors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | 3,871 | (58.8) | 2,361 | (62.4) | 1,510 | (53.9) | < 0.001 |
  Yes | 2,713 | (41.2) | 1,424 | (37.6) | 1,289 | (46.1) |  |
 Diabetes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | 5,290 | (80.3) | 3,072 | (81.2) | 2,217 | (79.2) | 0.046 |
  Yes | 1,294 | (19.7) | 712 | (18.8) | 582 | (20.8) |  |
 Smoking |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | 5,229 | (79.4) | 2,539 | (67.1) | 2,690 | (96.1) | < 0.001 |
  Yes | 1,354 | (20.6) | 1,245 | (32.9) | 109 | (3.9) |  |
 Frequency of toothbrushing |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  ≥ 2 | 5,460 | (82.9) | 3,100 | (81.9) | 2,360 | (84.3) | 0.010 |
  < 2 | 1,124 | (17.1) | 685 | (18.1) | 439 | (15.7) |  |
 Oral exam last year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  Yes | 2,181 | (33.1) | 1,288 | (34.0) | 893 | (31.9) | 0.070 |
  No | 4,403 | (66.9) | 2,497 | (66.0) | 1,906 | (68.1) |  |
 Dental unmet need |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  No | 4,773 | (72.5) | 2,785 | (73.6) | 1,988 | (71.0) | 0.021 |
  Yes | 1,811 | (27.5) | 999 | (26.4) | 811 | (29.0) |  |